How to Choose the Right College Major

Step by step instructions to Choose the Right College Major A school major is the fundamental subject that an understudy examines while going to a school, college, or another scholastic foundation. Instances of well known business majors incorporate publicizing, business organization, and money. Numerous understudies start their advanced degree without an away from of what their significant will be. Others know since the beginning precisely where theyre going and what they need to concentrate to arrive. A great many people fall some place in the middle of; they have a general thought of what they need to contemplate, however are thinking about different things. Why Choose? Picking a significant doesnt essentially mean you’ll be stuck doing that specific thing for an amazing remainder. Numerous understudies switch majors during their school careersome do it regularly. Picking a significant is significant on the grounds that it provides you a guidance to focus on and figures out what classes will be taken to gain a degree. When to Declare a Major On the off chance that you’re heading off to a two-year school, you will likely need to proclaim a significant not long after enlisting in light of the brief span of the instructive procedure. Numerous online schools will frequently cause you to pick a significant too. In any case, if you’re entering a four-year school, you are some of the time not required to pronounce a significant until the finish of your subsequent year. Peruse increasingly about how and when to pronounce a significant. What to Choose The undeniable decision for a significant is a zone you appreciate and are acceptable at. Keep in mind, your profession decision will in all likelihood be reflected in your decision of a significant, so most of your classes will spin around that zone of study. In picking a profession, it is ideal to pick something that interests to you now and will give you work prospects in the future.â The most effective method to Choose The most significant interesting point while picking a school major is the thing that you need to do with an amazing remainder. On the off chance that you pick a significant that doesnt especially premium you simply in light of the fact that an occupation in that field pays well, you could wind up with a couple of bucks in the bank, however be very despondent. Rather, you would do well to pick a significant dependent on your inclinations and character. Dont avoid the hardest school majors if those fields intrigue you. On the off chance that you appreciate them, you are bound to succeed. For example, if you’re not a social butterfly you most likely shouldnt think about a vocation in HR. Individuals who don’t like math or numbers shouldnt pick a profession in bookkeeping or fund. School Major Quiz On the off chance that you’re uncertain of what major to pick, it might profit you to take a school evaluation test to assist you with pinpointing a school major dependent on your character. A test of this sort isnt dependable however it can give you a general thought of what majors may suit you. Ask Your Peers Talk with the individuals who realize you best. Your family and individual understudies might have the option to assist you with choosing a significant. Approach your companions for their recommendation. They may have a thought or perspective that you haven’t considered. Remember that anything they state is only a recommendation. You dont need to regard their recommendation; you’re just requesting a conclusion. At the point when You Cant Decide A few understudies find that they are conflicted between two vocation ways. In these cases, a twofold major might be engaging. Twofold majors permit you to contemplate two things without a moment's delay, for example, business and law, and graduate with more than one degree. Studying beyond what one zone can be valuable, yet it can likewise be difficultpersonally, monetarily, and scholastically. Consider it cautiously before taking this way. Furthermore, recollect, you shouldnt be unsettled in light of the fact that you don’t comprehend what course you need your life to take. Numerous individuals don’t pick a significant until they totally need to, and that being said, change majors at any rate once.

Classical and Structural Realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Traditional and Structural Realism - Essay Example This paper plans to talk about and break down Classical and Structural Realism. It investigates these two parts of Realism. With the utilization of pertinent models and proper investigation, it is trusted that the distinctions and likenesses between the two can be completely talked about. In this investigation, the US conduct was utilized as a model because of the way that it is the world’s solitary superpower and is hence the fundamental on-screen character in the play called universal relations. Before examining Classical and Structural Realism, it is fitting and legitimate to initially characterize what Realism is. This methodology gives a discerning and practical perspective on how universal undertakings are acted. It depends in transit things are done and not in transit things ought to be finished. The manner in which it sees the world’s global issues uses that of a logical strategy †in view of realities and not in theoretical thoughts, in view of the examinat ion of the causes and outcomes of the occasions. It is coherent and not nonexistent. Machiavelli caught the pith of Realism with the accompanying proclamation. A case of a universal occasion that is seen as utilizing the â€Å"imaginary† and â€Å"utopian† approach is that of the Kellogg â€Briand Pact which banned additional wars. This was an outcome of the severe experience of World War I. The defenders ridiculously accepted that war could never happen again and that the signatories would consent to what they have settled upon. A case of a practical view was given by Waltz when he saw the spread of atomic weapons.

Benjamin Jealous examines the Intersection of tech and social impact COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Benjamin Jealous examines the Intersection of tech and social impact COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Visit by former NAACP president is latest event in Dean’s Seminar Series in Race and Policy When Benjamin Jealous was an undergraduate at Columbia 21 years ago, he said, there were nightly shootouts in Morningside Park. The former president and CEO of the NAACP recalled celebrating a friend’s 21st birthday against that backdrop: The group toasted to surviving into adulthood. “But I couldn’t bring myself to raise my glass,” said Jealous, impassioned. “The notion cut me like a knife that someone thought, in this country, that to simply survive past one’s 21st birthday… was an accomplishment.” Jealous’s remarks were entitled “At the Intersection of Tech and Social Impact”; his visit was the latest event in the Dean’s Seminar Series in Race and Policy. In opening remarks, Dean Merit Janow reminded the audience that the initiative had been launched to engage scholars, commentators, and civic leaders more deeply. Introducing Jealous, Janow highlighted what she called a “truly remarkable record.” Before becoming NAACP president at age 35â€"he was the youngest person ever to lead the organizationâ€"Jealous had been a Rhodes Scholar, an investigative journalist, and a community organizer who worked to ban the death penalty, outlaw racial profiling, and stop mass incarceration, among other initiatives. Upon joining the NAACP he helped the organization grow to become the largest civil rights organization online and across other platforms. All this earned Jealous a spot on the 40 under 40 lists of both  Forbes  and  Time  magazines. Considering technology and its relevance to social policy, Jealous would discuss how technology could be used to solve lasting social problems, and emphasized the importance of entrepreneurship. But upon taking the podium, Jealous said he came from a “family business” of civil rights activism. “They were all fighters, and they were taught to fight out of necessity,” he said. “We were given that option.” Jealous said that for him, arriving at Columbia meant having to choose between “making money and changing the world.” “If I wanted to change the world, the real possibilities were either through direct advocacy or direct service,” he said. “What excites me now is we can provoke change through the market system, too,” Jealous said. Having retired from the NAACP at the end of 2013, Jealous now is a partner for Kapor Capital, the Washington, D.C.-based venture capital investment arm of the Kapor Center for Social Impact. “We are seeing how startups can change the world,” he said. Read the rest of the story by Tamara El Waylly, MIA ’15,  via  SIPA News.

Liberty And Justice For Some - 1223 Words

Liberty and Justice for Some By Martina Bioh Virginia Union University 2016 Table of Contents Page Introduction 1 Introduction continues 2 Chapter 2 3 Chapter 2 continues 4 Conclusion 5 References 6 Chapter 1: Introduction The United States criminal justice system have been known to be one of the most injustice system in the world. Criminal justice is known as the system of law enforcement, involving police, lawyers, courts, and corrections, used for all stages of criminal proceedings and punishment (Dictionary.com). One of the most heartbreaking things that happen in the United States every year is innocent people being condemned for crimes that†¦show more content†¦Another reason why people are wrongly convicted for a crime they did not commit is false confession from the victim of anyone that say they say what went on during the crime, and so bad lawyering. Sometimes the lawyer over looks many things during the case or most often they are more than likely not prepared for the case at all. An innocent person is described as â€Å"free from guilt of a specific crime or charge (Dictionary.com). Jospeh Abbitt is an African American Male that was convicted for a crime he did not commit in 1995, he was thirty-one years of age at the time. â€Å"The biggest crime in the U.S. criminal justice system is that it is a race-based institution where African-Americans are directly targeted and punished in a much more aggressive way than white people†( Bill Quigley). There is a proven fact that African Americans in the United States are easily targeted when it comes to crimes. Why is this the case? The answer is simple African Americans have always been looked down on, never looked as a human, or never looked as if they have any worth in this nation so of course it is easy to make them a target. Chapter 2 On May 2nd, 1991 two young ladies in their Weston-Salem, North Carolina home was attacked by a man. The man raped both girls and had a knife to them the whole time. The suspect tied their hands and feet together and was in the home for over an hour before leaving. In many

Fast Food Contain Harmful Food Additives - 1419 Words

Name: Bibi He Professor: Mr. Cloarec Eng110 Date: 11/11/2012 Fast Food Contain Harmful Food Additives In America, fast food chains are a significant symbol of the American traditional food trends which expand widely and grow fast all over the world. Thus, a large number of Americans eat fast food as their daily diet. However, these tasty fast foods are highly processed foods which are filled with plenty of chemicals, additives and preservatives. By adding these additives and artificial flavorings into fast foods, so the food is attractive and also tasty. Fast food companies, like McDonald, attract customers’ attention by using various advertisements to make their products look good and also selling these delicious foods at low prices.†¦show more content†¦Second, â€Å"the most alarming ingredient in a Chicken McNugget is TBHQ, which is an anti-oxidant derived from petroleum that is either sprayed directly on the nugget for keeping its shelf time longer.† (Pollan P113) Moreover, TBHQ helps the food to â€Å"maintain its freshness, minimize nutritional losses i n edible oils, and preserve the present color of iron and metal complexes†. (Shree Additives) Obviously, the effective functions of TBHQ makes fast food industry often use this artificial additive in thousand food products. Chicken McNuggets are just one of the fast foods that contain TBHQ. The result from consuming processing foods with TBHQ can lightly cause nausea, vomiting, ringing in the ears, delirium, a sense of suffocation, and collapse. (Pollan P114) It can even lead to death if you ingest too much fast food with TBHQ. Last but not least, McNuggets also contain bleaching wheat flour which is one of the ingredients often used in McNugget and other productions. As we know, flour is used to improve the gluten baking quality. The food industry adds flour bleaching agent in order to make the product appear whiter and fresher. Also, the function of this agent is to maintain the foods’ stability, food color and improve the structure forming capacity, allowing the product produce higher proportions of gluten and sugar. (Flour Bleaching Agent) During the bleaching processing, most nutrients areShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects of Today’s Food on Elementary-Aged Children Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s culture, people judge food by its convenience and taste. Processed and fast foods are quick, easy, and taste fairly good. Children, especially, enjoy fast food and packaged snacks. While this may seem a good solution to this fast-paced society, it is actually a dangerous habit. F ifteen percent of children ages six to nineteen are overweight, and the number is growing (Back to School). Even if a child is not obese, he often does not eat healthy and faces the danger of becoming overweightRead MoreNegative Effects of Today’s Food on Elementary-Aged Children Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pages In today’s culture, food is often judged by its convenience and taste. Processed and fast foods are quick and easy, and taste fairly good. Children especially enjoy fast food and packaged snacks. But while this may seem a good solution to the fast-paced society we live in, it is actually a dangerous habit. 15% of children ages 6-19 are overweight, and the number is growing (Back to School). Even if a child is not obese, he often does not eat healthy and faces the danger of becoming overweightRead MoreArgument Food Additives1489 Words   |  6 Pagesand fast food restaurants across the United States. Some of these locations can provide a good, healthy, organic meal, but some serve processed foods with dyes and additives. The average person is unaware of what is actually in the food they eat every day. Sure, the food companies that produce these products put the ingredients on the label, but what person honestly knows what Maltodextrin is? Definitely not me, that is for sure. For many years, humans have found ways to keep their food edibleRead MoreFast food and slow food, vastly different competitors, combat daily in an uneven competition for1500 Words   |  6 PagesFast food and slow food, vastly different competitors, combat daily in an uneven competition for consumer favouritism influenced by convenience, value for money, and variety, along with nutritional benefits. This essay will explore factors influencing convenience, monetary value, variety, and nutritional benefits, guiding these worthy competitors to the pinnacle position of consumerism. Moreover, this essay will explore whether the competition between fast and slow food product is fought on a levelRead MoreIs Processed Food Safe For Human?1203 Words   |  5 PagesIs Processed Food Safe for Human Consumpiton? Processed foods contain all sorts of artificial ingredients and lot s of preservatives to increase the shelf life. In this day in age, with the immense increase in illnesses such as cancer, one cant help but wonder, Is processed food the source, is it safe for human consumpition? What is Processed Food: The term â€Å"processed food† applies to any food that has been altered from its natural state in some way, either for safety reasons or convenience. TheRead MoreEssay on Fast Food Industry968 Words   |  4 Pagesworld has become so fast paced that everything is rushed. Almost every aspect of life has become industrialized. Food and the way it is prepared is no exception to this world that always appears to be in fast forward. The fast food industry has revolutionized how and what people eat. The public has begun to consume more fast food and the problem is that people do not know what they are eating. If the concept of a nutritious meal is thrown out the window for the convenience of fast food then the healthRead MoreFast Foods : The Global Climate Change2262 Words   |  10 Pages1 Name Instructor Healthcare Date Fast Foods The global climate change has contributed immensely to the increased food security concerns, a situation that threatens the lives of many people on the planet. The fast foods have supplemented the agricultural products that have proven to be inadequate in feeding the fast-growing global population. The industry for these commodities has gained popularity despite increased opposition worldwide. The fast foods have been associated with convenience andRead MoreThe Benefits of Organic Food to Human Health1193 Words   |  5 PagesThe benefits of organic food to human health. Organic refers to the way agricultural foods is produced and processed. It is using methods and materials that are of low impact to the environment. And the primary goal is to optimize the health and productivity of interdependent communities of soil life, plants and people. Research published in a 2001 study showed that the current fruit and vegetables that are conventionally grown in the United States have about half the vitamin content of theirRead MoreThe Health Of The Common American971 Words   |  4 PagesThe health of the common American is almost guaranteed at the center of every joke; from sly comments about Americans only eating fast food, all the way to the chemicals contained in the food. However, the health of one of the leading nations in the world isn t a laughing matter and it should be taken as seriously as a heart attack. With certain foods Americans have such high stakes against them health wise, a gambling addict wouldn t bet against it. Red 40, yellow 5, malto dextrin, disodium guanylate/Read MoreObese Children in America: Whats the Solution? Essay527 Words   |  3 Pagestexting on their mobile phones. The addiction to fast foods can be as addictive as heroin and people can become dependent. Happy meals always make kids smile because there is a link between the brain’s pleasure chemicals and a craving for that type of food. Fast foods are marketed to young people to get them hooked for the rest of their lives. In addition to the excess of calories, fast foods also contain large amounts of sugar, salt additives and animal fat. Kids are eating too many calories that

Cool hand luke Free Essays

Cool Hand Luke Film Analysis In class we watched the film â€Å"Cool Hand Luke†, which is about the protagonist Luke, who is arrested for destroying several parking meters late one night while drunk in a small town, Luke was sentenced to prison. Luke was rebellious with little respect for authority, had more spunk than good sense. Luke gains the respect of his fellow inmates by his frequent escape attempts and refusal to break under to harsh punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Cool hand luke or any similar topic only for you Order Now The inmates enjoyed Lake’s fearless behavior and ambition for trying to succeed while he was incarcerated. Luke never backed down from a fight or a halogen. Luke was well liked to where his fellow inmates gave him the nickname â€Å"Cool Hand Luke. † To be honest, in my first attempt of watching the film â€Å"Cool Hand Luke† I did not enjoy the film, After watching the film a couple of times it sort of hit me with all of the things the film used to have symbolism and to reference the film to The Bible. There were many examples, but only a few stood out to me such as: like the apostle, Luke. Lake’s identification number is thirty seven, which in reference refers to the Book of Luke 1:37, † For with God no thing shall be James Bible). In the film Luke devoured fifty eggs. Which In reference was for the fifty prisoners. So Luke therefore â€Å"absorbed† all of their sins once he ate all the eggs. After eating the eggs Luke was left on the table to recovery from cruelly over feeding his body, Luke is laying down on the table In the shape of a cross. (Referred in the picture below (IAMB. Com) After a couple of viewings of â€Å"Cool Hand Luke† I can truly appreciate this great American classic and see why It was rated In the top 100 films of America by IAMB and ETC. I can truly appreciate how the movie was nominated for four Academy Awards and see why It at least won one award, this film Is truly beautiful and Inspiring It Is one that should be a mandatory must watch. Cool hand Luke By mosquitoes refers to the Book of Luke 1:37, † For with God no thing shall be impossible. â€Å"(King James Bible). In the film Luke devoured fifty eggs. Which in reference was for the fifty body, Luke is laying down on the table in the shape of a cross. (Referred in the American classic and see why it was rated in the top 100 films of America by IAMB Awards and see why it at least won one award, this film is truly beautiful and inspiring it is one that should be a mandatory must watch. How to cite Cool hand luke, Papers

MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING Essay Thesis Example For Students

MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING Essay Thesis A monologue from the play by William ShakespeareLEONATO: I pray thee cease thy counsel,Which falls into mine ears as profitlessAs water in a sieve. Give not me counsel,Nor let no comforter delight mine earBut such a one whose wrongs do suit with mine. Bring me a father that so loved his child,Whose joy of her is overwhelmed like mine,And bid him speak of patience.Measure his woe the length and breadth of mine,And let it answer every strain for strain,As thus for thus, and such a grief for such,In every lineament, branch, shape, and form.If such a one will smile and stroke his beard,Bid sorrow wag, cry hem when he should groan,Patch grief with proverbs, make misfortune drunkWith candle-wasters bring him yet to me,And I of him will gather patience.But there is no such man; for, brother, menCan counsel and speak comfort to that griefWhich they themselves not feel; but, tasting it,Their counsel turns to passion, which beforeWould give preceptial medicine to rage,Fetter strong madness in a silken thread,Charm ache with air and agony with words. No, no! Tis all mens office to speak patienceTo those that wring under the load of sorrow,But no mans virtue nor sufficiencyTo be so moral when he shall endureThe like himself. Therefore give me no counsel.My griefs cry louder than advertisement.

Scarlet Letter And Human Frailty Essays - English-language Films

Scarlet Letter And Human Frailty The Letter and Human Frailty Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author of The Scarlet Letter, tells a tale of human frailty and sorrow through each and every character. When you first meet Hester Prynne, the main character, she seems quite innocent. Only guilty of not naming her lover. Yet she is treated like an evil demon by the Puritan community of the 1700's because she broke the seventh commandment The way they yelled "at the very least, they should have put the brand of hot iron on Hester Prynne." (Hawthorne 69) this is a perfect example of how the behavior of the characters tells a story of human frailty and sorrow. Hester took great pride in everything she did from the letter ?A' on her chest to the baby Pearl in her arms. It was the pride of Hester Prynne that forced her to wear the Scarlet letter to her death. "At the final hour, when she was so soon to fling aside the burning letter, it had strangely become the centre of more remark and excitement, and was thus made to sear her breast more painfully, than at any time since the first day she put it on." (Hawthorne 242) Roger Chillingworth, Hester's husband, was a very old and educated man that Hester didn't love. Chillingworth was the most selfish in the story, he married Hester without Hester's love in return and this was one of the sins that refers to Hawthorne's "human frailty" . (Hawthorne 46) Poor Roger's sins are clearly defined ..."And it seemed a fouler offense committed by Roger Chillingworth than any which had since been done him, that, in the time when her heart knew no better, he had persuaded her to fancy herself happy by his side." (Hawthorne 172) Chillingworth's attacks on Dimmesdale were to make Dimmesdale weak and when he saw Dimmesdale's Scarlet letter on his chest he laughed instead if feeling for the poor desperate man. Chillingworth was the sinner that goes with human frailty. Dimmesdale, perhaps the most complex character in the book, is damned with the guilt of his sin "burn[ing] in secret" (Hawthorne), and damned by his desire for Hester Prynne. Dimmesdale's status as a minister made the guilt so bad it was making him sick. He needed to be open and reveal his dark secret. Dimmesdale keeping this sin hidden was his real sin itself, by far worse than Hester's. Everyone could plainly see what Hester had done because of the scarlet letter ?A' on her chest, but Dimmesdale on the other hand has kept his sin under his clothes and it was literally killing him. In conclusion Dimmesdale, Chillingworth, and Hester were all sinners, some sins worse than others. During this time period these sins were unheard of, that is why they were treated the way they were. These characters were a perfect example of "human frailty and sorrow". Hester dying wearing the scarlet letter is the darkening close.

Free Essays on Euripides Use Of Dramatic Irony

Describe how Euripides’ Use of Dramatic Irony as ‘Electra’ is Part of his Craft as a Playwright. A common trait used by playwrights dating from the 5th Century B.C. to the modern plays and films is the use of dramatic irony. There are several reasons for the usage of dramatic irony in plays. A primary reason is that it draws and sustains the attention of the audience. Dramatic Irony does by giving the audience more information than the characters in the play themselves. It is a clever tactic used by playwrights because the audience’s attention is held when dramatic irony is used. There is a perfect example of dramatic irony in ‘Electra’ when the audience know that Orestes has returned to find Electra. The audience know that Electra is talking to her long lost brother, Orestes, but she does not. ‘Orestes: I bring news of your brother Electra: Oh! You are a friend! Is he alive-or dead? Orestes: Alive. So much is good’ Another example of dramatic irony in ‘Electra’ is when Orestes goes to murder Aegisthus. The audience know what Orestes’ intentions are but Aegisthus does not. And the same happens when Clytemnestra goes to Electra’s house full of good intentions when her children have already decided that they will kill her. As one might imagine, the knowledge that the audience has, but the characters are lacking is bound to make the audience feel somewhat superior. This will add to their enjoyment of the play. In the time when Euripides’ plays were performed, he would have aimed to please his audience because he was in a competition with two other playwrights. By making his audience feel clever and superior they will prefer his plays to others where they are not involved in the play at all. The most important figures in the audience’s lives at the time were the gods who were onlookers of the mortals’ lives. As the audience knew and could predict the outcome of situations the characters f... Free Essays on Euripides' Use Of Dramatic Irony Free Essays on Euripides' Use Of Dramatic Irony Describe how Euripides’ Use of Dramatic Irony as ‘Electra’ is Part of his Craft as a Playwright. A common trait used by playwrights dating from the 5th Century B.C. to the modern plays and films is the use of dramatic irony. There are several reasons for the usage of dramatic irony in plays. A primary reason is that it draws and sustains the attention of the audience. Dramatic Irony does by giving the audience more information than the characters in the play themselves. It is a clever tactic used by playwrights because the audience’s attention is held when dramatic irony is used. There is a perfect example of dramatic irony in ‘Electra’ when the audience know that Orestes has returned to find Electra. The audience know that Electra is talking to her long lost brother, Orestes, but she does not. ‘Orestes: I bring news of your brother Electra: Oh! You are a friend! Is he alive-or dead? Orestes: Alive. So much is good’ Another example of dramatic irony in ‘Electra’ is when Orestes goes to murder Aegisthus. The audience know what Orestes’ intentions are but Aegisthus does not. And the same happens when Clytemnestra goes to Electra’s house full of good intentions when her children have already decided that they will kill her. As one might imagine, the knowledge that the audience has, but the characters are lacking is bound to make the audience feel somewhat superior. This will add to their enjoyment of the play. In the time when Euripides’ plays were performed, he would have aimed to please his audience because he was in a competition with two other playwrights. By making his audience feel clever and superior they will prefer his plays to others where they are not involved in the play at all. The most important figures in the audience’s lives at the time were the gods who were onlookers of the mortals’ lives. As the audience knew and could predict the outcome of situations the characters f...

Unauthorized Trespass Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unauthorized Trespass - Essay Example It was around 2am when he heard the plaintiff plus another man attempting to break in. the defendant took his shotgun and loaded it, then he poked the barrel via a minute opening in the door, he fired and the plaintiff was hit at a close range of around 5feet on his upper arm, by the armpit and eventually into the chest. Plaintiff pleaded culpable to a number of offences which were committed at that night. Defendant was impeached on charges of injuring/wounding but was later acquitted. Not in favor of the defendant, the plaintiff claimed damages owing to infringement of duty of care in negligence and under Occupier’s Liability Act 1984(sec 1). Held: The defendant was found guilty of significant contributory negligence (one third) since he applied violence to the plaintiff that was beyond reasonable limits allowed for lawful self-defense. The plaintiff was awarded 4,033pounds as compensation for personal injuries, the defendant appealed but this was dismissed by the court of ap peal. The defendant should seek supporting evidence that the cause of action by the plaintiff was founded on illegal or immoral act, self-defense or accident. The property owner by applying comparative negligence as a defense should show that the plaintiff did not apply reasonable care for his own safety; and with reference to a new law that came into effect in 1996, in case the injured party is more than 50% fault for detriment lies with him/her, he/she cannot recover non-economic damages (Zweigert and Kotz 1998).

Polyproplene and KRATON Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Polyproplene and KRATON - Essay Example The thermoplastic stands up quite well to steam-sterilization and autoclaving, managing to resist physical damage and environmental stress-cracking when exposed to high corrosion chemicals in tests. This result is something one can easily expect due to the ability of the material to be fatigue resistant, have high tensile strength, and unbelievable elongation abilities. Such high material characteristics ensures an almost infinite flex life for polypropylene oriented moldings in integrated hinges, making it quite responsive to injection speed and pressure. The plastic also sets in a shorter time when placed in the mold, which ensures a higher production rate for molders. Polyprolene has proven to be excellent when considering is chemical resistant abilities, abrasion strength, dimensional stability, and high surface gloss. Such unique qualities makes the polymer versatile and suitable for superior strength, grease resistance, and moisture barring in film and fibers. While pre-drying is not necessarily required when molding Injection Molding Polypropylene is molded in standard screw making equipment as these can be done without alteration in normal conditions, filled resins may sometimes require pre-drying. The manufacturing process however, isnt as simple as it sounds. The molder needs to take note of additional considerations such as the cylinder temperature and injection pressure. These two of the most closely related variables that take the forefront of the molding parameters will be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. The most advisable temperature range for cylinders are between 400- 570Â °F. Normally the temperature should be 25-50Â °F above the normal temperature when molding polypropylene. However it should not be molded above 570Â °F so the normal range for molding would be kept anywhere between 400-525Â °F. The cylinder temperature is best kept with the hopper or feed section lower than the nozzle at 30-50Â °F.

Software Engineering And HCI

Software Engineering And HCI In this essay I will talk about the issue which currently annoying the HCI community about its connection with software engineering and how to merge them. We encourage both HIC and software engineering to take a larger view, and we suggest system engineering as one of the structure for achieving such merging. Users sometimes face complex tasks within the progression of interactive software. There is no adequately support in general software development. MEMFIS one of the methods laid out for evolvement of software with the interaction of non-trivial human-computer. MEMFIS focused user interface into the object-oriented methodology. It has three phases the first one is the examination of problem field and its conceptual user interface; communication design for modeling of user interface tool in preoccupation of software concepts. Software design is used for mapping problem domain model and the concept of software. We can address this issue from the interaction of users with the software development. New interaction techniques are required to end tasks analysis and modeling techniques also to allow tasks that are performed by software developers to be finished by users. Those tasks which performed by professional software developers are to be studied deeply so that they can provide users with adequate tools. Users need to be particularly supported to achieve their tasks. It is the greatest goal to define the range of end-user participation in software development in general and on the other hand end-user directed software development methods and to support them with new tools. User Efficacy A lot of technological changes depend on User Interface Design to glorify heir technical intricacy to use it again. Technology may not win user acceptance. To know how the user experiences the end product is the important thing to accept this product and that is where User Interface Design enters the design process. As product engineers looking forward to technology, usability specialists focus on the user interface. To make users more efficiency and also cost effectiveness, so this relationship should be kept from the start of the project. While people often think of Interface Design in the concept of computers, it also refers to many products where the user interacts with controls or displays. There are few products that widely apply User Interface Design. Other products such as Military aircraft, vehicles and audio equipment have a good effect on its User. Interface Design requires good planning appeal to the design process. It is necessary to ensure maximum performance through Usability Test. This empirical testing allows innocent users to provide data about what does work as expected. A product can be supposed to have a user optimized interface after the resulting repairs are made. User Interface Design can determine the difference between product acceptance and rejection. If users feel that it is not easy to use or learn about anew software program this product could fail. Good User Interface Design helps to make a product easy to understand and use. User Interface Design Expert Services Usernomics has a great role which can help your company to make your products easy to learn and use. Some experts design both hardware and software products. Their skills cover a wide extend of products such as web-based and application software. Experts of User Interface Design experts apply a systematic technique to evaluate websites for highest effectiveness, easy navigation, and enhanced user experience. The integration issue No doubt that the Interaction with human beings is increasingly identified. It is considered as an important aspect of software systems and products. Many professionals in the field of computing industry call for integrating human-computer interaction engineering with software engineering. In the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society they explored some ideas on integration. They had suggested some proposed solutions which would integrate HCI engineering into software engineering. So what is the relationship between HCI and software? And how do they interact as fields of endeavor? And that this is the major issue for the HCI community. The user is an ingredient of the system and notice that the software engineering process must include usability engineering. Another point of view said that HCI should be moved from the field of computer science to design, saying that software engineers have a constructors-eye view that helps to consider this issue. Recently at least three new books have addressed this issue in order to find new ways to solve it. Agreement continues to avoid the HCI community. In this paper we can say that this opposes and competition are unnecessary and unproductive. HCI and software engineering need to be better merged. Integration between HCI and software engineering is very necessary to the cost-effective development of highly usable software systems and products. However, that it is appropriate to blend either of these processes into the other. Our hypothesis is that the fields of HCI and software must interact and work together under a larger perspective that surrounds both and each of them must develop a larger vision. Building a larger vision The outlook of such disciplines as system engineering, product engineering, industrial engineering, and industrial design can provide this larger vision. We can use system engineering as a model for this outlook because this term is used in the environment of development of large systems under contract to specific clients. It should be clear when we say system engineering we mean many aspects such as system engineering, product engineering, industrial engineering, or maybe even industrial design which is suit for an organization. So that it is necessary to make it clear with the concept of engineering. It means specification, design, and technical omission of the execution process. Some people argue that the word engineering means taking a design and building the inclusion of design within engineering appears in most therapy of software engineering throughout its history. According to Newman engineering like design is about creativity and changes. Integrating HCI engineering and software engineering requires both disciplines to do a model shift to create a larger outlook. Discipline, system engineering has considerable experience in integrating specific engineering disciplines such as software, hardware, firmware, and data base engineering in a matched system development process. Within this model shift, We can start the integration effort as following: First thing to do is to determine the disciplines distinct and what do HCI and software engineering do? To know the responsibilities do each has in its system Which of HCI and software engineering is in charge of what? To put plans of how should they cooperate? Determine the way of interaction interact and communicate with each other? List of needs does each one have, and sort the information about each produce? How does the work of each affect the other? to determine the roles of system engineering How does the system engineering process merge and coordinate the technical donation of the separate engineering disciplines? Through the answers of these questions you can notice the importance of the integration of HCI and software engineering. The answers to these questions depend on the specific organization, the development environment, and the system or product being developed. We can consider the above questions and provide a few answers from our information of system engineering in our environment. Distinctions The basic difference between HCI engineering and software engineering is that they have disconnected problem domains. HCI engineering depends on the tasks of people using the system or product and interactions that the users need to perform their tasks on the environment in which they work. On the other hand Software engineering depends on the software ability which needed for the system to perform its tasks, achieve its objectives, and meet its requirements. Some of the software skills are also needed to support the users in achieving their tasks and interacting with the system. Their unlike problem domains give these disciplines separate roles and responsibilities in the process of specifying, designing, and developing the system or product. The following figure shows the roles and responsibilities of both HCI and software engineering: HCI Engineering (user view) User task analysis Interaction design Usability specification Interface design Software support Usability evaluation Software engineering (Technology view) Software requirement Software design Software validation Interaction support software Application program coding Interface software coding Calling for integration often place HCI within software design or software engineering. Many of the activities involved in the development of interactive systems are often assert by both software engineers and HCI engineers: The software industry be inclined to see HCI development as a software engineering activity which can improve software engineering and its practice and the HCI community tends to see some fields of software development as part of HCI engineering Current tools tend to unclear the difference and worsen the problem Many application development tools include HCI layout skills, and many interface design tools can automatically create interface code. However, these two engineering skills must be kept clear, so that each may maintain its own focus and Preference. There are some activities which differ from the Curtis and Hefley list in two ways. They assigned to HCI engineering the activity of allocating functions to humans and software; other people designate it as a system engineering responsibility because it requires a larger view than that of either HCI or software. They allocated to HCI engineering the activity of coding the HCI software. We assign it to software engineering because coding as we know belongs to the software engineering problem domain. HCI and software engineering must cooperate and communicate, but they are as processes distinct and have some difficult and sometimes conflicting issues and concerns. It takes a larger view, such as provided by system engineering, to think about the issues. Cooperation The HCI and software engineering processes closely cooperate during the design and execution of interactive systems and products. As we can notice Figure 2 demonstrate the interactions and information exchanges between the processes as they relate to HCI and its development? The following diagram indicates that HCI engineering and software engineering are detached but interact very closely. Not only do they exchange information, but each reviews and validates the others products to ensure both usability and probability. As we can see The HCI engineering process receives input from the definition of the users needs with regard to the system skills. This includes a description of users environment, a definition of human-performed and other activities and information from other related sources such as marketing. The HCI process has some tasks such as identifies the HCI and usability requirements, designs the interaction, and legalize requirements and design by means of initial usability evaluation using main idea. The HCI engineering product that is of interest to software engineering is software needs such as the software skills and characteristics needed to carry out the HCI design. The software engineering process blend the HCI related software requirements with the requirements connected to the other parts of the software product, such as computational and information restoration skills, and develops the software to meet the blended requirements. This development may in turn create additional HCI requirements, which HCI engineering then combine into the HCI design such as the software development process recognize needs for further interactions with the user, such as specific software which related online help and error messages. Software engineering also requires restriction on the HCI design and often related to technological limitations and probability but also due to delivery schedules and total budget. Sometimes Separation and collaboration may fail due to the use of human interface tools that do automatic code generation may give the HCI engineer the impression of performing a software engineering role; in the other side, the use of application program tools that generate forms and windows such as Visual Basic may give the software engineer the impression of performing an HCI engineering role. Also, the interaction between the disciplines may create issues and conflicts. In my point of view the strong interaction between these disciplines and the need to resolve their conflicts are major reasons why each discipline tries to take in the other. We assert that such attempts are neither necessary nor advantageous; because neither discipline has a large enough view to accomplish the others objectives. It is system engineerings role and responsibility to optimize the other system design and thus to recognize acceptable in its market and try to resolve the issues. The framework of system engineering According to the Systems Engineering Capability state Model (SE-CMM) which developed by the SEI, system engineering aims to merge the efforts of all engineering disciplines and specialties into the total engineering effort Some organizations define a system engineering process that clearly provides for the separate processes of HCI and software engineering like the Computer Sciences Corporation in 1990. System engineering can be considered as the keeper of the system view, it always working to make sure that the system or product meets its overall requirements and aims. System engineering has responsibility for many primary activities such as following: Definition of system and operation concepts Specification of detailed system requirements Requirements allocation and definition of system architecture and design Technical oversight of all engineering donation to product execution. Technical oversight of testing and confirmation at the system level Technical tradeoff decision making These system engineering responsibilities and its aims provide the framework for the effective integration of HCI and software engineering. The specific integration appropriate for an organization and development environment will depend on a definition of when and how the interactions between HCI engineering and software engineering occur and how to solve the issues and other conflicts. This definition should include some aspects: Clear border around HCI and software engineering processes such as responsibilities, inputs, outputs Sources of inputs and destinations of outputs to all participants in design and development Specification of the information exchange between activities of the engineering processes Process for setting decision standard for example tradeoff analyses, usability aim. One of the major donations of HCI and software engineering to system engineering involves providing their own out look to the allocation of system skills to humans and software HCI participates in the discovery of user needs and tasks, also in the decisions about whether or not to allocate a function to a person. Software usually shares in the evaluation of the feasibility of proposed automation of human activities and in the decisions about whether or not to set functions to software. System engineering uses these analyses to develop a system design from tradeoffs of schedule, cost, and the overall benefits that the system will provide to its users and to the organization. Improving the integration framework We can notice that system engineering is not perfect. The specific processes that system engineering tends to mandate for the HCI often may fail to support effective collaboration with software engineering, and they may not provide the most efficient means of achieving usability in interactive systems and products. System engineers need to acquire as deep an understanding of HCI engineering as they tend to have about the other engineering disciplines whose contributions they coordinate. Developing such an understanding will require the collaboration of specialists in system engineering, HCI engineering, and software engineering. Conclusion: HCI belongs to the study of interaction between users and computers. It is considered as the intersection of computer science, behavioral sciences, and several other aspects of study. This Interaction between users and computers occurs at the user interface which includes both software and hardware. There is connection between human-computer interaction and a machine. It depends on supporting knowledge on both the machine and the human side. It is very important for poorly designed to have human-machine interaction because human-machine interfaces can lead to other unexpected problems. So HCI and software engineering must have more cooperation to put more solutions to this issue. References: Alan Dix, Janet Finlay, Gregory Abowd, and Russell Beale (2003): Human-Computer Interaction. 3rd Edition. Prentice Hall, 2003. http://hcibook.com/e3/ ISBN 0-13046-109-1 Helen Sharp, Yvonne Rogers Jenny Preece: Interaction Design: Beyond Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd ed. John Wiley Sons Ltd., 2007 ISBN 0-470-01866-6 Matt Jones (interaction designer) and Gary Marsden (2006). Mobile Interaction Design, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction Behaviors Information Technology International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction Human-Computer Interaction . http://www.springerlink.com/content/755m81vp18522u21/ http://www.usernomics.com/user-interface-design.html#ui http://www.aesthetic-images.com/ebuie/larger_vision.html

Flexicurity a Relevant Approach in Central and Eastern Europe Essay

Flexicurity Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flexicurity is an integrated approach for endorsing security and flexibility in the labor market. Flexicurity endeavors to merge employers’ call for for a flexible labor force with workers’ call for for security. Employee call for security implies the confidence that the employees will not go through stretched periods of joblessness. Flexicurity is a new policy that is called upon because of the increased nee of security and flexibility faced by national governments, European Union, individual workers and companies, as well as sectors of industry. Legislators, policy-makers, employers and trade unions organizations have a strong call for new flexicurity policy concepts and models that guarantee to reunite the strategies of endorsing security and flexibility at the same time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flexibility and security has for a long time seen as incompatible, thus this new policy will be very significant in industrial relations. The EU aim of enhancing security and flexibility in the labor market is to achieve a competitive advantage and open knowledge-based economy across the world that is proficient of sustainable economic expansion with immense cohesion and more and superior job opportunities. The new flexicurity approach is common within the European Employment strategy. The European Employment Guideline 13 formulated in 2001, under the Adaptability pillar, clearly tackle both security and flexibility strategies and also welcomes social stakeholders to mediate and implement appropriate agreements to update the how work is organized, incorporating flexible working programs, with an objective of achieving high productivity, required balance between security and flexibility as well as competitiveness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flexicurity is very vital since appropriate balance between security and flexibility will increase productivity and quality of work, competitiveness and help corporations to adapt to changes in the economy. Flexicurity is important to European employment policies and update of EU labor law especially in the recent economy which is faced by increasing globalization, financial and economic crisis. The position of social dialogue and social partners is greatly emphasized in flexicurity. Swedish industrial relations and labor laws system is based on cooperation between stakeholders, self-regulation and collective bargaining. Collective bargaining is estimated to be 90% and trade unionization is estimated to be about 70 percent. Salaries and other job conditions and terms are set by collective bargaining. European Union member states apply different approaches to flexicurity depending on industrial relations, their labor laws, and social securi ty systems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Countries implement the new flexicurity policy with an aim of cutting down market segmentation and enhance changes. Equal treatment of all employees can be attained via values of equal treatment and non-discrimination and appropriate reforms to the guideline of employment security and fixed-term occupation. Flexicurity policies call upon enterprises to make reforms on their existing laws and police in order to accommodate security and flexibility. Functional flexibility has led to a heated debate in the labor markets. In order to come up with effective flexicurity firms should examine the existing internal and external flexibility. Internal flexibility help employees to adjust labor input in case of transitory fall in demand while conserving jobs which are feasible in the long run. Flexicurity poicy can account for the resilience in many European nations especially helping them maintain low and stable unemployment rate. This is because fle xicurity protect employees from income losses connected to key lay-offs and plant closures. However, external flexibility of many firms remained unchanged for the last three decades. Research reveals that income losses of misplaced workers have reduced since the workers can get swift re-employment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flexicurity has faced many criticisms from the people who proposed that flexicurity was developed with an aim of eliminating employment protection legislation, but it encourages a suitable blueprint of employment protection legislation. Open-ended contract between an employee and the employer would be redesigned to incorporate gradual development of job security. The job protection would gradually build-up with the job term, until full job security is attained. The tenure track approach is very significant since it reduces the incidents of employees being trapped in less protected contracts. Reforms of the employment due to economic crisis are aimed at addressing length of procedure, bureaucracy, improve lucidity and make the procedure more dependable. The starting job protection policies may take into consideration notification periods, the procedural phase of dismissal protection and the amount of severance pay.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   European Expert Group on Flexicurity propose that use of fixed-term agreement should be reduced and undeclared work should be cut short as swiftly as possible by raising valuable inspections. It is crucial to acknowledge that outside the sphere of the European Employment plan, the open technique of coordination and Europe 2020 Strategy, the flexicurity policy has not yet brought up fresh legal suggestions associated to employment security. Flexicurity slightly regulate the employment security at EU level with an aim of achieving their main objectives and meet the requirement of member states in areas such as protection of workers whose employment contract is abruptly terminated. EU agreement of Fundamental Rights state that every employee has the right to safety from groundless dismissal as per the national and union laws and policies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Flexicurity has been able to increase flexibility in the labor market while at the same time maintaining security via promotion of more employment opportunities and enough ground of employment benefits. Counties with solid employment protections tend to go through fewer incidents of labor market disruptions as compared to nations with weaker employment security. Flexicurity has dominated over the famous Commission’s labor market policy prescriptions. The interest of flexicurity in labor market originated from Netherlands and Denmark which serve as an example. These countries enjoyed the lowest unemployment rates in the global economy crisis in Europe while maintaining adequate unemployment benefits. The main reason was that Denmark and Netherlands emphasized on active labor market measures accompanied by modest employment protection. European Commission has gradually incorporated flexicurity policies when developing its labor market policy instructions and has persuaded the EU members to develop labor market laws that conform to flexicurity plan. In endeavors to direct development of national policy, the commission highlighted four pillars of flexicurity which include: flexible and dependable contractual agreement between employer and employees, comprehensive long-lasting learning scheme to enlighten the workers, successful active labor market policies and updated social security systems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, flexicurity is a very significant strategy that will help countries to cope up even during economic hardship. Flexicurity also offer the employee allows flexibility at work and at the same time maintaining security. This ensures firms acquire competitive advantage, increase productivity and quality of work and help employees and corporations to adapt to changes in the economy. Nations are called upon to incorporate flexicurity policy in their labor markets so that they can enjoy various benefits associated with this new strategy. However, appropriate measures must be undertaken to ensure there is the required balance between security and flexibility. References Cazes, S., & Nesporova, A. (2006). Flexicurity a Relevant Approach in Central and Eastern Europe.. Geneva: International Labour Office. Flexicurity: perspectives and practice.. (2010). Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Source document

A Study of Mrs. Warren’s Profession Essay

Although George Bernard Shaw finished writing Mrs. Warren’s Profession in 1893, he was unable to get a license to stage it until 1902. Since this play deals with the double standards between rich and poor and men and women the inability for it to be performed in London for nine years is both poignant and ironic. This time lapse emphasizes the â€Å"the victimization of young women and girls, not just in brothels . . . to which society conveniently turned a blind eye† (Dierkes-Thrun 293). The royal censor chose to ignore the issues Shaw’s play presents in favor of more conventional, happier plays. Although nominally about Mrs. Warren’s profession as a prostitute and madam, the play also deals with incest, the relationship between Victorian men and women, and the relationship between Mrs. Warren and Vivie Warren. The theme that drives the play is the victimization of the poor caused by the underpaying and overworking of women and men by the social institutions in England. Broad and Broad cite the preface to Getting Married† where in 1908 Shaw wrote, â€Å"I have shewn [sic}]that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is an economic phenomenon produced by our underpayment and illtreatment [sic] of women who try to earn an honest living† (64-5). Shaw illustrates this victimization with the relationships between the four male characters and the two women. These men all appear to have the same interest and relationship in Vivie as they do in her mother, Kitty Warren. Praed, the first male appearing on stage has an artistic temperament and a long term friendship with Mrs. Warren. He denies that he has a sexual relationship with her and has had â€Å"nothing to do with that side of Mrs. Warren’s life [her profession as a prostitute and madam], and never had. † He claims that he is just a friend who helps Kitty Warren â€Å"escape from her own beauty† (Shaw 66). He appears to have come to meet Vivie and become her friend in the same fashion. The effect is that both women are his friends and serve the same role as one another. Sir George Crofts represents the English upper class gentleman and is later revealed as Kitty Warren’s business partner. The two have a long history together: they were intimate before he became Sir George and she became Mrs. Warren. Crofts has an eye for both Mrs. Warren and Vivie. This prospect that he may be Vivie’s father does not deter him. Almost immediately after meeting Vivie, Crofts queries Mr. Praed to find out if he knows who Vivie’s father is. When Praed denies the knowledge Crofts asks for the favor of being told if he knows because he feels attracted even though he may be Vivie’s father. He assures Praed that â€Å"it’s quite an innocent feeling. That’s what puzzles me about it. Why, for all I know, I might be her father† (Shaw 66). Despite his protests of innocence his interest appear more sinister than not. When Frank Gardner first appears on stage he reveals to Praed, who appears to be becoming a confidant for all of the characters, that he knows Vivie and that she loves him (Shaw 67). Despite this declaration Frank Gardner flirts outrageously with Kitty Warren that evening even suggesting that she accompany him to Vienna. She responds and gives him a kiss before she dismisses him by telling him to go and â€Å"make love to Vivie† (Shaw 69). The last gentleman is the Reverend Samuel Gardner, father of Frank, who represents the Church. He had an indiscretion with Kitty Warren prior to his having studied for the clergy. During their romance he wrote her several love letters and later, embarrassed by what she has become and fearful of what she might do with the letters, he asks for them back. Mrs. Warren flatly refuses to return the letters because â€Å"[k]nowledge is power . . . and I never sell power† (Shaw 68). Apparently Sir George Crofts, Reverend Gardner, and Mrs. Kitty Warren have a past together when they were young and were known as George Crofts, Sam Gardner, and Miss Vavasour (Shaw 68). Later in the play Crofts tells Frank Gardner that Vivie is his half-sister as a result of the liaison between Reverend Gardner and Kitty Warren. The similarity between the way these men treat both women indicates they view women as interchangeable parts instead of having value as individual people. It is not just the men who uses Mrs. Warren; Vivie also makes use of her mother as a tool. Shaw describes Vivie as â€Å"an attractive specimen of the sensible, able, highly-educated young middle-class Englishwoman† (Shaw 62). At the beginning of the play Vivie does not even bother picking up her mother at the train station. This is understandable because Vivie does not really know her mother who has spent most of her time in Brussels and Vienna with occasional visits to England (Shaw 64). Although she admits her mother always provided for her by paying for her caregivers and schools, there is no daughter-mother relationship. Vivie fancies herself as being in control of her life. She plans on being the modern woman or new woman who will make her own way by using the mathematics she has studied and excelled in to work â€Å"in the City, and work at actuarial calculations and conveyancing [sic] . . . with one eye at the Stock Exchange† (Shaw 63). She wants nothing from her mother except my fare to London to start there to-morrow earning my own living . . . † (Shaw 64). This is clearly the boasting of someone who has never had to provide for herself but has had her livelihood and education handed to her. She tells of her work experience when she had She had worked for six weeks the previous May where she did calculations, but her view of working is not realistic with thoughts of day to day working that may become drudgery, but more like the imaginings of a school girl who temporarily worked beneath her financial station as lark. She imagines this experience has not only provided her with tools to make her own living, but will satisfy her social life as because when she stayed with her friend Honoria she spent her evenings with her friend where â€Å"in the evenings we smoked and talked, and never dreamt of going out except for exercise. And I never enjoyed myself more in my life. I cleared all my expenses . . . (Shaw 63). Vivie is naive and innocent of the realities of life. Doing something for six weeks as a lark is one thing; doing the same thing for the rest of your life just â€Å"clearing expenses† and being subject to the accidents and difficulties one faces in real life is something quite different and, at times, not that enjoyable. Vivie challenges her mother by saying â€Å"Everybody knows my reputation, my social standing, and the profession I intend to pursue† (Shaw 74). The implication being that her mother’s life has been hidden and she should make it known. When Vivie declares that, â€Å"The poorest girl alive may not be able to choose between being Queen of England or Principal of Newnham; but she can choose between ragpicking [sic] and flowerselling [sic], according to her taste. People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are. I don’t believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and, if they can’t find them, make them† (Shaw 75), it becomes too much for Mrs. Warren and she tells Vivie about her circumstances. When she worked fourteen hours a day as a waitress and dishwasher Kitty Warren earned only four shillings per week and board. When Vivie discovers her mother’s profession she finds herself shocked but admiring her mother for the sacrifices she has made, â€Å"my dear mother: you are a wonderful woman† and asks her mother if they can be friends (Shaw 77). However, the next morning when Crofts tells her that he is her mother’s partner and they are still operate brothels throughout Europe, Vivie changes her mind about her mother and immediately leaves to start her working career in London. When she is followed by Praed, Frank, and her mother, she summarily dismisses them from her life and determines to make her own way in life. One cannot help but wonder if Vivie Warren would not have suffered the same or a similar fate as her mother if she had not had the benefit of her mother’s money that allowed her to study at college and to go into business. At the play’s end Vivie Warren has been liberated. She has said goodbye to her mother, Frank, and the others, with the possible exception of Praed who may still be a friend. She has rejected the possible romance with Frank, who may be her brother, she has refused the marriage proposal of Sir George Crofts, who may be her father, and has rejected the lifestyle of her mother who continues to make money from her brothels. She has chosen to an unconventional life, but in a rather more acceptable, conventional fashion than did her mother. Although it was rare in the Victorian age for a woman to work in an office it was far more acceptable than being either a madam or a prostitute and was becoming more acceptable with each passing year. Ultimately, there is not that much difference between Vivie and her mother. Each sought and found a way to create independence for herself. Vivie has been forced to make a decision that is not popular with society to gain her own independence, just as her mother had to do twenty years earlier. Just as her mother had to reject her conventional life, Vivie had to reject the life offered to her by Kitty Warren. Liggins offers an interesting analysis about Vivie’s rejection of her mother’s lifestyle by making mention of the concept of the new woman. Vivie sees herself as a new woman who has time for nothing other than business. Liggins posits that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is about the relationship between the new woman and the prostitute. Shaw portrays Kitty Warren as a incorrigible flirt who could never be accepted in society. Vivie chooses a life that exempts her from being a part of society as she has no regard for it. The new woman has carved out a new niche in life but the new woman, just like the conventional woman and conventional man regards prostitution as immoral and consequently opens the door to continued economic poverty for the poor. Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a very interesting play. By today’s standards it is fairly tame and is suitable for high school students. Shaw does a good job attacking conventional mores. However, he pulls his punches and fails to finish off the Victorian conventions (Harris 176). Therefore the reader is not entirely satisfied. One feels it could have been a stronger play than it is. Harris writes that â€Å"there is no play in all Shaw’s works as full of magnificent misses as this one. It could be one of the greatest dramas of all time and it is unforgettable, but it fails to achieve timeless greatness† (Harris 176). Harris suggests two reason why the play does not quite work; he believes that either Shaw did not know how to handle the issues, which appears to be a good conclusion since Shaw does not describe or even name Mrs. Warren’s Profession; or Shaw â€Å"was afraid to drive right through to the end of it. † In either case, as written Mrs. Warren’s Profession fails to resolve the issues; virtually everything is the same at the final curtain as it was at the beginning of the play. Kitty Warren is a madam, Vivie Warren is an independent new woman and the men are left trying to resume their â€Å"pre-Vivie lives. † Unfortunately the double standards between rich and poor, and man and woman remain. The poor are still victims of these double standards. A Study of Mrs. Warren’s Profession Essay Although George Bernard Shaw finished writing Mrs. Warren’s Profession in 1893, he was unable to get a license to stage it until 1902. Since this play deals with the double standards between rich and poor and men and women the inability for it to be performed in London for nine years is both poignant and ironic. This time lapse emphasizes the â€Å"the victimization of young women and girls, not just in brothels . . . to which society conveniently turned a blind eye† (Dierkes-Thrun 293). The royal censor chose to ignore the issues Shaw’s play presents in favor of more conventional, happier plays. Although nominally about Mrs. Warren’s profession as a prostitute and madam, the play also deals with incest, the relationship between Victorian men and women, and the relationship between Mrs. Warren and Vivie Warren. The theme that drives the play is the victimization of the poor caused by the underpaying and overworking of women and men by the social institutions in England. Broad and Broad cite the preface to Getting Married† where in 1908 Shaw wrote, â€Å"I have shewn [sic}]that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is an economic phenomenon produced by our underpayment and illtreatment [sic] of women who try to earn an honest living† (64-5). Shaw illustrates this victimization with the relationships between the four male characters and the two women. These men all appear to have the same interest and relationship in Vivie as they do in her mother, Kitty Warren. Praed, the first male appearing on stage has an artistic temperament and a long term friendship with Mrs. Warren. He denies that he has a sexual relationship with her and has had â€Å"nothing to do with that side of Mrs. Warren’s life [her profession as a prostitute and madam], and never had. † He claims that he is just a friend who helps Kitty Warren â€Å"escape from her own beauty† (Shaw 66). He appears to have come to meet Vivie and become her friend in the same fashion. The effect is that both women are his friends and serve the same role as one another. Sir George Crofts represents the English upper class gentleman and is later revealed as Kitty Warren’s business partner. The two have a long history together: they were intimate before he became Sir George and she became Mrs. Warren. Crofts has an eye for both Mrs. Warren and Vivie. This prospect that he may be Vivie’s father does not deter him. Almost immediately after meeting Vivie, Crofts queries Mr. Praed to find out if he knows who Vivie’s father is. When Praed denies the knowledge Crofts asks for the favor of being told if he knows because he feels attracted even though he may be Vivie’s father. He assures Praed that â€Å"it’s quite an innocent feeling. That’s what puzzles me about it. Why, for all I know, I might be her father† (Shaw 66). Despite his protests of innocence his interest appear more sinister than not. When Frank Gardner first appears on stage he reveals to Praed, who appears to be becoming a confidant for all of the characters, that he knows Vivie and that she loves him (Shaw 67). Despite this declaration Frank Gardner flirts outrageously with Kitty Warren that evening even suggesting that she accompany him to Vienna. She responds and gives him a kiss before she dismisses him by telling him to go and â€Å"make love to Vivie† (Shaw 69). The last gentleman is the Reverend Samuel Gardner, father of Frank, who represents the Church. He had an indiscretion with Kitty Warren prior to his having studied for the clergy. During their romance he wrote her several love letters and later, embarrassed by what she has become and fearful of what she might do with the letters, he asks for them back. Mrs. Warren flatly refuses to return the letters because â€Å"[k]nowledge is power . . . and I never sell power† (Shaw 68). Apparently Sir George Crofts, Reverend Gardner, and Mrs. Kitty Warren have a past together when they were young and were known as George Crofts, Sam Gardner, and Miss Vavasour (Shaw 68). Later in the play Crofts tells Frank Gardner that Vivie is his half-sister as a result of the liaison between Reverend Gardner and Kitty Warren. The similarity between the way these men treat both women indicates they view women as interchangeable parts instead of having value as individual people. It is not just the men who uses Mrs. Warren; Vivie also makes use of her mother as a tool. Shaw describes Vivie as â€Å"an attractive specimen of the sensible, able, highly-educated young middle-class Englishwoman† (Shaw 62). At the beginning of the play Vivie does not even bother picking up her mother at the train station. This is understandable because Vivie does not really know her mother who has spent most of her time in Brussels and Vienna with occasional visits to England (Shaw 64). Although she admits her mother always provided for her by paying for her caregivers and schools, there is no daughter-mother relationship. Vivie fancies herself as being in control of her life. She plans on being the modern woman or new woman who will make her own way by using the mathematics she has studied and excelled in to work â€Å"in the City, and work at actuarial calculations and conveyancing [sic] . . . with one eye at the Stock Exchange† (Shaw 63). She wants nothing from her mother except my fare to London to start there to-morrow earning my own living . . . † (Shaw 64). This is clearly the boasting of someone who has never had to provide for herself but has had her livelihood and education handed to her. She tells of her work experience when she had She had worked for six weeks the previous May where she did calculations, but her view of working is not realistic with thoughts of day to day working that may become drudgery, but more like the imaginings of a school girl who temporarily worked beneath her financial station as lark. She imagines this experience has not only provided her with tools to make her own living, but will satisfy her social life as because when she stayed with her friend Honoria she spent her evenings with her friend where â€Å"in the evenings we smoked and talked, and never dreamt of going out except for exercise. And I never enjoyed myself more in my life. I cleared all my expenses . . . (Shaw 63). Vivie is naive and innocent of the realities of life. Doing something for six weeks as a lark is one thing; doing the same thing for the rest of your life just â€Å"clearing expenses† and being subject to the accidents and difficulties one faces in real life is something quite different and, at times, not that enjoyable. Vivie challenges her mother by saying â€Å"Everybody knows my reputation, my social standing, and the profession I intend to pursue† (Shaw 74). The implication being that her mother’s life has been hidden and she should make it known. When Vivie declares that, â€Å"The poorest girl alive may not be able to choose between being Queen of England or Principal of Newnham; but she can choose between ragpicking [sic] and flowerselling [sic], according to her taste. People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are. I don’t believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and, if they can’t find them, make them† (Shaw 75), it becomes too much for Mrs. Warren and she tells Vivie about her circumstances. When she worked fourteen hours a day as a waitress and dishwasher Kitty Warren earned only four shillings per week and board. When Vivie discovers her mother’s profession she finds herself shocked but admiring her mother for the sacrifices she has made, â€Å"my dear mother: you are a wonderful woman† and asks her mother if they can be friends (Shaw 77). However, the next morning when Crofts tells her that he is her mother’s partner and they are still operate brothels throughout Europe, Vivie changes her mind about her mother and immediately leaves to start her working career in London. When she is followed by Praed, Frank, and her mother, she summarily dismisses them from her life and determines to make her own way in life. One cannot help but wonder if Vivie Warren would not have suffered the same or a similar fate as her mother if she had not had the benefit of her mother’s money that allowed her to study at college and to go into business. At the play’s end Vivie Warren has been liberated. She has said goodbye to her mother, Frank, and the others, with the possible exception of Praed who may still be a friend. She has rejected the possible romance with Frank, who may be her brother, she has refused the marriage proposal of Sir George Crofts, who may be her father, and has rejected the lifestyle of her mother who continues to make money from her brothels. She has chosen to an unconventional life, but in a rather more acceptable, conventional fashion than did her mother. Although it was rare in the Victorian age for a woman to work in an office it was far more acceptable than being either a madam or a prostitute and was becoming more acceptable with each passing year. Ultimately, there is not that much difference between Vivie and her mother. Each sought and found a way to create independence for herself. Vivie has been forced to make a decision that is not popular with society to gain her own independence, just as her mother had to do twenty years earlier. Just as her mother had to reject her conventional life, Vivie had to reject the life offered to her by Kitty Warren. Liggins offers an interesting analysis about Vivie’s rejection of her mother’s lifestyle by making mention of the concept of the new woman. Vivie sees herself as a new woman who has time for nothing other than business. Liggins posits that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is about the relationship between the new woman and the prostitute. Shaw portrays Kitty Warren as a incorrigible flirt who could never be accepted in society. Vivie chooses a life that exempts her from being a part of society as she has no regard for it. The new woman has carved out a new niche in life but the new woman, just like the conventional woman and conventional man regards prostitution as immoral and consequently opens the door to continued economic poverty for the poor. Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a very interesting play. By today’s standards it is fairly tame and is suitable for high school students. Shaw does a good job attacking conventional mores. However, he pulls his punches and fails to finish off the Victorian conventions (Harris 176). Therefore the reader is not entirely satisfied. One feels it could have been a stronger play than it is. Harris writes that â€Å"there is no play in all Shaw’s works as full of magnificent misses as this one. It could be one of the greatest dramas of all time and it is unforgettable, but it fails to achieve timeless greatness† (Harris 176). Harris suggests two reason why the play does not quite work; he believes that either Shaw did not know how to handle the issues, which appears to be a good conclusion since Shaw does not describe or even name Mrs. Warren’s Profession; or Shaw â€Å"was afraid to drive right through to the end of it. † In either case, as written Mrs. Warren’s Profession fails to resolve the issues; virtually everything is the same at the final curtain as it was at the beginning of the play. Kitty Warren is a madam, Vivie Warren is an independent new woman and the men are left trying to resume their â€Å"pre-Vivie lives. † Unfortunately the double standards between rich and poor, and man and woman remain. The poor are still victims of these double standards. Works Cited Broad, C. Lewis and Broad, Violet M. Dictionary to the Plays and Novels of Bernard Shaw. London: A. & C. Black, 1929. Dierkes-Thrun, Petra. â€Å"Incest and Trafficking of Women in Mrs. Warren’s Profession: ‘It Runs in the Family. ‘† English Literature in Transition 1880-1920 49, 3 (2006): 293-305. Dukore, Bernard F. Bernard Shaw, Playwright: Aspects of Shavian Drama. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1973. Harris, Frank. Bernard Shaw. New York: League of America, 1931). Liggins, Emma. Prostitution and Social Purity in the 1880s and 1890s. Critical Survey 15, 3 (2003). Shaw, Bernard. The Complete Plays of Bernard Shaw. London: Constable, 1931. Note, this edition does not include line numbers of the play so the page number is used for citations.

Offer You Cant Refuse - 1247 Words

Case 10-10 An Offer You Can’t Refuse Fast Eddie, a publicly held company, manufactures and installs refrigeration systems for governmental and commercial applications. Fast Eddie is being investigated by a governmental agency for overpricing on government sales during the period from 2007 through 2009 as well as allegations of misrepresentations by one of Fast Eddie’s former officers, Sweet Lou. The criminal and civil investigations began in late 2009. In the prior fiscal year, the company’s auditors, CPAs-R-Us, obtained management’s representation and a letter from Fast Eddie’s independent legal counsel that indicated that the ultimate outcome of the investigation could not be determined and that any potential payment for the alleged†¦show more content†¦Fast Eddie believes the first paragraph of the settlement offer adequately supports the company’s contention that this offer in no way obligates the company to the government and, t herefore, the offer does not indicate that a liability should be accrued. The first paragraph states: Fast Eddie has offered a one-time payment of $3.7 million as a final settlement of the investigation in process by your department. If this amount is accepted by the government, it must represent a complete exoneration of all charges against Fast Eddie. The following letter summarizes the company’s understanding of our meeting in April 2011. At that time, you represented that the offer of settlement could not be accepted. Although we understand that the government does not generally accept offers to settle before finalizing its investigation, we believe it would be in everyone’s best interest to put this matter behind us. We believe that if this case goes to federal court, the company will be able to establish that it has no legal liability for this matter. However, CPAs-R-Us is concerned that the last paragraph of the settlement offer may indicate that the company ful ly intended the offer to represent an amount Fast Eddie was willing to pay to resolve the investigation. The last paragraph states: In conclusion, Fast Eddie believes the government hasShow MoreRelated10 Things Avoided By Successful People Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesout that accomplishment lies in their capability to go up in the features of failure, and they cant do this when theyre living in the past. 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